In Vedic mathematics, “Urdhava-Tiryagbyham” is a sutra that refers to a multiplication technique. It is often translated as “vertically and crosswise.”
The Urdhava-Tiryagbyham sutra is used for multiplying two-digit numbers mentally and quickly. It allows for multiplying numbers by breaking them down into more uncomplicated steps.
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Here’s a step-by-step explanation of how the Urdhava-Tiryagbyham sutra works:
Part 1
Let’s apply the Urdhava-Tiryagbyham method to multiply two-digit numbers 12×24
Step 1: Multiply the right digits of the two numbers vertically
2×4-=8
Answer 8 is the extreme right digit of our answer.
Step 2: Diagonally multiply the digits of our numbers
(1×4)+(2×2)=8
8 is the second digit of our answer.
Step 3: Vertically multiply the left digits of the two numbers
1×2=2
2 is the most left digit of our answer.
So, using the Urdhava-Tiryagbyham method, 12×24 =288.
Part 2
Let’s apply the Urdhava-Tiryagbyham method to multiply
three-digit number 244×432
Step 1: Multiply the extreme right numbers vertically
4×2=8
8 is the first digit of our answer: we are going right to left
Step 2: Multiply the last two digits of the numbers diagonally
(4×2)+(3×4)
8+12=20
Zero is the second digit of our answer. Carryover 2.
Step 3: Now multiply the extreme left and extreme right digits diagonally. Multiply the middle digits vertically.
(2×2) + (4×4) + (4×3)
4+16+12=32
Now, add the carried-over number to this answer
32+2=34
4 is the third digit of the answer. Carryover 3.
Step 4: Now, multiply the first two digits of the numbers diagonally.
(2×3) + (4×4)
6+16=22
Now add the carried-over number to the answer.
22+3=25
5 is the fourth digit of the answer. Carryover 2
Step 5: Take the first digits of the numbers and multiply them vertically.
2×4=8
Now add carried-over number = 8+2=10
The Final answer is 105408
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